It might seem a complicated process but it's quite a simple process.A barcode scanner consists of three different parts:the illuminator,the decoder and the sensor which is also known as the converter.The barcode scanner projects the barcode with red light with help of the illuminator system.The sensor part of the machine detects the red light.Once the light is detected,an analogue signal is created.The signal consists of varying voltage based on the different intensities of the reflected lights.Then the analogue signal is converted into digital signal.Then the decoder interprets the digital signal.The computer attached with the scanner then recieves the signal sent by the decoder.
That is how a barcode scanner works.
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