India is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The Indus Valley civilization or Harappa civilization was found in India in 1921 on the bank of the Ravi river. The Indus Valley civilization was kept in the category of the old Bronze age. The civilization had a possible writing system, urban centers, and different social and economic systems. Agriculture was the main occupation of the people of the Indus Valley civilization. They also used to keep animals by making pets or friends, as we can see nowadays. Different cultures were also found in this civilization like worship of God, dancing, painting, and arts. India is complete with a rich in culture and history as well as long scientific and technological invention. From this, it is not surprising that many significant inventions have come out of India. Here are the top 5 inventions or discoveries of India:
1. ZERO
The word Zero means nothing but it was the most important and biggest contribution in the history of mathematics. Zero is the only number that is neither positive nor negative. Logically, it is the point between negativity and positivity. In the number line, the positive number is on the right side of '0' and the negative number is on the left side of '0'. It is the only number that gives the number itself when it is added with other number. And when any number is multiplied by zero the number itself becomes '0'. This is the power of the number '0'. Without zero we can't imagine the number system. The Computer, the most important and common thing in the modern world, cannot be made because there would have no binary system without zero. The Binary system is the language of '0' and '1'. Zero is the most important number in astronomical physics. We reached into space, Mars, Moon, and other places. This can't be possible without zero. And there are many such things which we can't do without zero. This most important thing was given by the man of numerous mathematical and astronomical talents, Aryabhata. He was a famous Indian mathematician and Indian Astronomer. He was born in Patliputra (Patna) in India. Indians were the first to use zero in mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Zero is one of the important inventions of India.
2.BOARD GAMES
Chess is a type of board game and is considered the most difficult mind game. It is played between the two players. It is played in almost every country. There are many national and international leagues, tournaments, and congresses of chess are also held. Chess is originated as 'Ashtapada' in Northern India during the Gupta period around the 6th century AD. It spread to Persia and subsequently, through the Moorish victory of Spain, spread to Southern Europe. 'Snakes and ladder' was also invented in India by Gyandev a 13th-century poet. It is originally known as Mokshapat. In this game, the snake represents vices while the ladder represents virtue. During the British rule in India, it made the way to England and later to different countries.
3.USB (UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS)
The USB stands for Universal Serial Bus. It is a hardware device that supports up to 127 peripherals. All electrical charging devices like mobiles, laptops, wireless headphones, and emergency lights need USB cables. It is used to charge all portable devices. It helps to connect keyboards, mice, printers, external storage, and mobile devices to the computer or laptop. One of the purposes of a USB is to store data and transfer it to other devices by connecting it. It is very light and small to carry from one place to another. This device is made by an Indian-born American computer architect Ajay V. Bhatt. This is also an important invention by India for the world.
4. YOGA
Yoga is an art and science of keeping our minds stable and a way of healthy living. It helps us to keep the body physically and mentally healthy. The word 'Yoga' is derived from the Sanskrit root 'Yuj' which means 'to join' or 'to yoke' or 'to unite'. Yoga is performed in almost every country in the world. Even the doctors also give prescriptions to perform Yoga as a treatment. Nowadays it got placed in Olympics games. 'International Yoga Day' is celebrated on 21st June. The origin of yoga was from Indus-Saraswati civilization in Northern India over 5,000 years ago. The purposes of yoga were to develop thoughts, awareness, self-regulation, and memory. It is a catalyst for change in life. It is helping people to heal from stress, anxiety, tiredness, and obesity. It is believed that in many asanas of yoga you connect to God. Tirumalai Krishnamacharya is referred to as the 'father of modern yoga'. He was an Indian yoga teacher, ayurvedic healer, and scholar.
5. WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Wireless communication is a technique of transfer of data from one point to another without using any physical media like wires, electrical conductors, and cables. Generally, the transfer of information is done over a limited place with the help of wired communication. It solved the problem of limited area. Using wireless communication, you can access it from anywhere and anytime. It saves our time and efforts as compared to other forms of network. It also reduces maintenance and installation costs. Nowadays we use social media like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp only due to wireless communication. We can talk on a voice call or video with a person of different countries due to wireless networks. Globalization has become easy with the help of this technique. The first person to demonstrate wireless communication by using radio waves was Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose. He invited the technology which helps people to communicate quickly. This is the revolutionary invention given by India to the world.
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