GREETINGS FRIENDS

HAVE YOU EVER THOUGHT ABOUT WHO RUNS THE INTERNET? WHO CONTROLS THE INTERNET WORLDWIDE?

MAYBE YOU COULD THINK THAT THE INTERNET PROVIDING COMPANIES LIKE AIRTEL, BSNL ETC CONTROL THE INTERNET.
                                     BUT THIS IS NOT TRUE
BECAUSE IF ONE COMPANY STOPS PROVIDING THE INTERNET FACILITIES, THEN THERE ARE OTHER COMPANIES TOO, WHO CAN PROVIDE INTERNET.

MAYBE YOU'D THINK THAT IT IS OUR GOVERNMENT THAT CONTROLS THE INTERNET.
                                     BUT THIS IS NOT TRUE EITHER
BECAUSE ALMOST GOVERNMENT CAN DELETE FEW FACEBOOK POSTS OR SOME WEBSITES, BUT THEY CAN BE BYPASSED EASILY.                                           

MAYBE YOU'D THINK THAT IT IS THE BIG COMPANIES LIKE GOOGLE, FACEBOOK, YOUTUBE ETC BECAUSE THEY HAVE THE MAXIMUM DATA.
                                    BUT IT IS ALSO NOT TRUE
BECAUSE YOU CAN BUILD YOUR WEBSITE ON INTERNET AND THESE COMPANIES CANNOT EVEN INTERFERE IN IT.                                                                     

SO THE QUESTION IS WHEN YOU ARE MAKING YOUR WEBSITE THAN WHO IS GIVING YOU THE SPACE TO BUILD YOUR WEBSITE?

SO, IN THIS ARTICLE WE'LL DISCUSS ABOUT HOW THE INTERNET WORKS AND WHO IS CONTROLLING THE INTERNET AND WHO IS THE ULTIMATE BOSS BECAUSE INTERNET IS AN IMPORTANT TOOL IN MAINTAINING FREEDOM AND DEMOCRACY WORLDWIDE.
COUNTRIES LIKE CHINA KEEP THEIR CITIZENS COMPLETELY BLOCKED OFF FROM CERTAIN WEBSITES. WEBSITES LIKE FACEBOOK, YOUTUBE, GOOGLE ETC ARE COMPLETELY BAN  IN CHINA BECAUSE WHAT CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY WANTS IS JUST TO BRAINWASH THE MIND OF ITS CITIZENS.

HOW INTERNET WORKS?

DOMAIN NAME AND TOP LEVEL DOMAIN       

    LET US TAKE AN EXAMPLE OF A WEBSITE TO UNDERSTAND THE TERMS DOMAIN NAME AND TOP LEVEL DOMAIN.
                                                      WWW.YOUTUBE.COM       
SO IN THE EXAMPLE, WE HAVE TAKEN, YOUTUBE IS A DOMAIN NAME AND.COM IS TOP LEVEL DOMAIN.
IF YOU WANT TO BUILD YOUR WEBSITE THEN, YOU HAVE TO SEARCH FOR A DOMAIN NAME AND PURCHASE IT FROM THE SITES LIKE GODADDY.COM. IF I HAVE TO BUY DOMAIN NAME FOR MY WEBSITE HARSHMULANI.COM THEN I HAVE TO BUY IT FROM GODADDY.COM.

NOW A QUESTION RISES THAT WHO GAVE GODADDY THE AUTHORITY TO SELL DOMAIN NAMES? WHO IS GODADDY TO SELL DOMAIN NAMES? 
THERE MUST BE SOMEONE WHO HAS GIVEN GODADDY.COM THE POWER TO SELL DOMAIN NAMES AND IF THERE, S NO ONE, THEN GODADDY HAS BECOME THE BOSS OF INTERNET IN A WAY.
                                                 BUT THIS ISN'T SO
THERE IS ANOTHER AUTHORITY ABOVE IT, AND THE NAME OF THIS AUTHORITY IS ICANN(INTERNET CORPORATION FOR ASSIGNED NAMES AND NUMBERS)

ICANN                                                         

ICANN STANDS FOR INTERNET CORPORATION FOR ASSIGNED NAMS AND NUMBERS. IT IS A NON PROFIT ORGANISATION IN LOS ANGELES, AND YOU COULD SAY THAT IT IS THE TOP LEVEL AUTHORITY REGARDING THE INTERNET OR IN THE FIELD OF INTERNET. IT HAS THE POWER TO AUTHORIZE WEBSITES LIKE GODADDY TO SELL DOMAIN NAMES. THIS IS THE AUTHORITY, WHICH DECIDES WHAT TYPE OF DOMAIN NAME CAN EXIST.
ALTHOUGH IT IS A NON-PROFT ORGANISATION, IT SELLS TOP LEVEL DOMAIN NAMES TO THE COMPANIES BY BIDDING. THE COMPANIES THAT IT SELLS ARE CALLED 'REGISTRIES,' AND THE COMPANIES LIKE GODADDY ARE CALLED 'REGISTRARS.'

SO IS ICANN THE GOD OF INTERNET?
THIS CANNOT BE SAID BECAUSE INTERNET IS A VERY DECENTRALIZED NETWORK. YOU COULD CONSIDER IT TO BE AKIN TO NET. ALL THE COMPUTER AND MOBILE PHONES THAT ARE CONNECTED TO INTERNET MAKE THE INTERNET. YOU COULD CALL IT A 'SERVER.'
ALL THE MOBILE PHONES, COMPUTERS, AND DATA CENTRES ARE ALL SERVERS.

HUGE UNDERWATER CABLES HAVE BEEN LAID WORLDWIDE ACROSS THE CONTINENTS THAT CONNECT THE COMPUTERS WORLDWIDE TO ONE ANOTHER. OUR MOBILE PHONE IS NOT CONNECTED TO ANY CABLE, SO HOW DOES INTERNET WORKS ON IT?
MOBILE PHONES BASICALLY GET INTERNET FROM MOBILE TOWERS, BUT THESE SIGNALS CANNOT COVER HUGE DISTANCE, ONCE YOU GO APART FROM THE TOWER YOU WILL LOSE THE CONNECTIONS. SO BASICALLY THAT TOWER IS CONNECTED TO THE WIRES THAT HAVE BEEN LAID ACROSS THE CONTINENTS.

WHAT IS IP ADDRESS?                                               

JUST LIKE EVERY PHONE HAS A PHONE NUMBER WHICH THE PEOPLE USE TO CONNECT WITH EACH OTHER SIMILARLY EVERY WEBSITE HAS ITS UNIQUE IP ADDRESS WHICH YOU CAN TYPE IN THE BROWSER AND YOU WILL BE DIRECTED TO THAT PARTICULAR WEBSITE.
SOME OF YOU MIGHT THINK THAT WHAT WE TYPE IN BROWSER IS DOMAIN NAME SO LET ME TELL YOU THAT DOMAIN NAME IS A HUMAN READABLE FORM OF IP ADDRESS AS HUMANS CANNOT READ IP ADDRESS AND THERE IS SOMETHING THAT CONVERTS A DOMAIN NAME INTO IP ADDRESS AND THAT IS DOMAIN NAME SERVER.

SO LET US REVERT TO OUR ORIGINAL QUESTION GUYS THAT,

WHO CONTROLS THE INTERNET?

THE CORRECT ANSWER TO THIS WOULD BE THAT IT BELONGS TO NOBODY AND BELONGS TO EVERYBODY BECAUSE INTERNET IS A VERY DECENTRALIZED SYSTEM AND IT ONLY WORKS WHWN WE AS USRES USE IT BUT STILL IF YOU WANT TO BUY A PART OF INTERNET THEN YOU CAN BUILD YOUR OWN WEBSITE BY PURCHASING A DOMAIN NAME AND CONNECTING IT TO SERVERS.
ABOVE IN THE ARTICLE, I MENTIONED THAT MOBILE PHONES AND COMPUTERS ARE ALSO THE SERVERS, BUT THEY CANNOT BE USED TO STORE THE WEBSITES BECAUSE THEY do NOT HAVE 24 HOURS ACCESS AND HIGH PROCESSING POWERS, SO THERE ARE VARIOUS COMPANIES THAT OFFER SUCH SERVICES.                                               

HOPE YOU ALL LIKED IT, OVERALL YOU ARE THE ULTIMATE BOSS!

SITES I HAVE USED TO FETCH GIVEN INFORMATION ARE:

https://www.website.com/beginnerguide/domainnames/8/1/What-is-a-domain-name?.ws

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-level_domain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address
https://www.icann.org/