(1)Electro-magnets
The material is suitable for the core of electromagnets in which the simple magnetic fields can generate more magnetic induction (flux density), and the loss of momentum is minimized. It is clear from the soft-iron curve that both these
particles are in soft iron, so soft iron is ideal for the electromagnetic core.
To make an electromagnet, take a straight rod (Fig. 20 (a)] or a horseshoe-shaped rod (Fig. 20 (b)] of soft iron and wrap several insulated wires of
copper on it. When the current flows through this coil of wire, the magnetic field within it arises.
This causes the rod's domains to rotate and align so that the magnetic field produced by the magnet's current is In the direction of the rod. Thus the rod becomes a magnet.
The rod's side is counterclockwise when viewed from the side.
The end of which becomes the north pole N and the other end is the south pole S. The current in the solenoid is closed.
The rod becomes almost completely demagnetized after tax.
(2)Electrical flux
Electrical flux is the property of the electrical field. We know that electrical forces can represent an electrical field.
Where the electrical force lines are close, the electric field is strong, and where the force lines are far away, the electric field is weak.
Electrical flux on an imaginary surface in an electrical field measures the number of electrical force lines passing through that
surface. Let us denote this. This is a scalar sign. Electrical forces represent an uneven electrical field in the picture
has gone. Suppose a hypothetical arbitrary surface is located in this region and is a surface element. The surface-component
is so small that it can be considered flat, and the electric field on it can be considered 'uniform.' The surface of the surface can be
represented by a vector whose magnitude is the area of the surface element and whose direction is directed outward to the surface element.
Suppose there is an electric field on the surface of the surface. The scalar multiplication component, then, is called 'electrical flux.' Full page electric
(3) Permeability:
If B-H curves are drawn for soft iron and steel, we will see that the magnetic induction
B value for soft iron is higher than steel for the same value of magnetic field H. Thus, them
of soft iron is higher than that of u (= B / H) steel.
(4a) Magnetic Susceptibility:
For the same value of magnetized-field H, the magnetic intensity of soft iron is 1, higher than that of steel.
Therefore, soft iron's magnetic tendency is higher than that of 2 (= 1 / H) steel.
(4b) Selection of Magnetic Materials. The selection of a magnetic material suitable for permanent magnet, electromagnet, transformer, and
dynamo's core or diaphragm of the telephone receiver is decided by studying the substance's phase curve. Can go :
(i) Permanent Magnets: To make a permanent magnet, the material must have high durability so that the magnet is powerful.
Also, the sensitivity of the material must be high so that the magnetization of the magnet is not reduced by external
unwanted stray magnetic fields or by mechanical disturbances or heat-change
effects. Diurnal loss has no significance in the permanent magnet because it is not repeatedly magnetized. From all these perspectives,
permanent magnets are made of steel. The durability of steel is less than that of soft iron, but this is not important
as the absorbency of steel is much more than that of soft iron. 'Cobalt steel,' an alloy of cobalt, tungsten, and carbon, is a suitable
material for making permanent magnets. Nowadays, permanent magnets are made of 'Ticonal (an alloy of titanium, cobalt, nickel, and
aluminum) and' Alnico '(an alloy of nickel, aluminum, cobalt, copper, and iron).
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