Within the rose family (Rosaceae), the genus Rosa comprises over 100 species of perennial shrubs. The Northern Hemisphere's temperate zones are largely native to roses. Roses are grown for their gorgeous flowers, which come in a variety of colors from white to pink and yellow to dark crimson and maroon. Most varieties of roses also have a lovely scent, but this varies depending on the climate.
Virginia blossomed Rosa virginiana, or the Virginia rose, is indigenous to eastern North America. Typically, wild roses have five petals.
The majority of rose species are indigenous to Asia; fewer are found in North America, Europe, and northwest Africa. Roses from many parts of the world can easily hybridize to create new kinds. quickly producing kinds that cross over into the parental forms, making the identification of fundamental species challenging. Less than ten species—most of which are native to Asia—participated in the crossbreeding that led to the variety of garden roses that exist today. Roses are bushes that grow upright, climb, or trail; their stems are typically heavily studded with thorns, which are little, sharp prickles of varied sizes. The leaves are pinnately complex, or feather-formed, and typically have alternating, oval leaflets with sharp teeth. While cultivated roses frequently have double (i.e., several sets of petals) blossoms, wild roses typically have five petals. Rose blossoms come in a variety of sizes, from tiny miniatures with a diameter of 1.25 cm (0.5 inch) to hybrid flowers that are larger than
Hips are the fleshy, occasionally edible, berry-like "fruit" (really the floral cup) of the rose plant. They are typically crimson to orange in color.
Numerous diseases can afflict roses, with fungi being the primary cause of most infections. When powdery mildew forms on the surface of young leaves and stems, it resembles a grayish white mold. The black spot fungus makes noticeable black dots on leaves, which then fall off. Another prevalent disease of roses is rust. A prevalent insect pest on leaves and young stems is the aphid.
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