WHY do we have bad breath in the morning?
Bad breath or halitosis is a significant issue as it impacts the quality of life of people who suffer from it. In fact, it is the third most common reason why dental care is sought out. Bad breath causes can be divided into oral or non-oral. Importantly, eighty-five percent of bad breath cases are caused by issues that involve the mouth. The remaining cases occur due to disorders in the nose, throat, sinuses, lungs, or esophagus (rare). Additionally, underlying systemic medical conditions (i.e. diabetes, bronchial infections) can rarely cause bad breath.
The treatment of halitosis depends on the cause. To ensure good oral hygiene practices is the best way to manage halitosis. Some measures people can take to improve their oral health are to brush their teeth constantly, deep tongue cleaning, using mouthwash, and flossing. The treatment of an underlying disease such as diabetes, gum disease, and gastroesophageal reflux disease can also be beneficial.
Germs are always present in the oral cavity. During the night, the salivary flow decreases and therefore the acidity increases. These are favorable conditions for the growth of bacteria that give rise to such bad breath.
Oral plaque or the sticky film of pathogens (i.e. bacteria) that forms on your teeth, gums, and tongue is one of the most common causes of halitosis. It can be whitish, yellowish, or colorless. Plaque is a result of poor oral hygiene and it is mostly made up of fluids, food debris, bacteria, and sugars. Furthermore, in people with good oral hygiene, odor- producing biofilm is usually found at the back of the tongue. Deep tongue cleaning can be instrumental in managing symptoms.
Aside from halitosis, the consequences of the buildup of this biofilm include gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is a disease that involves the inflammation of the gingiva (gums around the teeth), that if untreated, can progress to periodontitis. The latter involves the inflammation of the tissues that support the teeth (periodontium), which can lead to tooth loss.
❗The situation worsens if you sleep with your mouth open.
Other causes of bad breath include: irregular brushing, use of poor hygiene products, smoking, tooth decay and some digestive diseases.
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