Microbiology is the study of microorganisms which are too small to see in naked eye ,this microorganisms are seen only through microscope .
The microorganisms are Bacteria, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, virus. The microbes are almost all over the world . It plays a vital role on the earth. Some microbes are actually beneficial and some are harmful . The harmful disease causing microorganisms are called pathogens. The microorganisms are classified and differtiated on the basics of their shapes, size , general characteristics like prokaryotes , eukaryotes, autotroph,heterotroph,chemotroph,aerobic(oxygenated) , anaerobic(deoxygenated),etc.
The cycling of nutrients, biodegradation and biodeterioration, food spoilage, climate change, disease causation and control, and biotechnology are all significantly impacted by these bacteria. Microbes are versatile and can be used in a wide range of applications, such as the production of biofuels, the production of life-saving medications, the cleanup of pollutants, and the preparation and processing of food and drink.
Historical background
The invention of the microscope marked the beginning of microbiology. The first person to properly chronicle his findings of germs was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch draper who enjoyed manufacturing microscopes and grinding lenses. Others may have noticed microbes before him. He depicted microorganisms from tooth scrapings and protozoans from animal stomachs in his paintings and descriptions. His records were outstanding because he made very high-quality magnifying lenses. Midway through the 1670s, Leeuwenhoek wrote a series of letters to the British Royal Society summarizing his results. Despite a great deal of interest in his insights, nobody really tried to replicate or expand on them.
Spontaneous generation
The old scientific hypothesis known as spontaneous generation proposed that live things might develop from inanimate objects and that this process occurs naturally. The origin of life from the nonliving subjects was also discussed. That notion said that maggots might sprout from dead flesh, or that a piece of wrapped bread and cheese left in a corner may, in a matter of weeks, give rise to mice.
Aristotle developed the theory based on earlier research by natural philosophers, and it was accepted for two millennia. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Francesco Redi and Lazzaro Spallanzani contested this theory, but it remained unproven.
The theory is consistent with the abiogenesis process described in the notion of the origin of life. The process by which simple organic substances naturally arise from nonliving materials is known as abiogenesis. The theory of spontaneous generation is known as ambiguous generation, or heterogenesis. Equivocal generation holds that one life form develops from a different, unrelated life form.
Father of microbiology: Antonie Van Leewenhoek
Father of modern microbiology : Louis Pasteur
The microbiology was started after the disprove of spontaneous generation.
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