Emotions are mental states resulting from neurophysiological alterations that are connected in different ways to ideas, sentiments, actions, and a level of happiness or unhappiness.[1][2][3][4] There's no universally accepted definition in science.[5][6] Emotions and mood, temperament, personality, disposition, or inventiveness are frequently entwined.[7]
Over the past 20 years, a wide range of disciplines have contributed to the growing body of research on emotion, including computer science, psychology, medicine, history, and the sociology of emotions. Extensive research has been conducted on this area due to the multiple attempts to explain the function, origin, and other elements of emotions. Charles Darwin is credited with developing theories regarding the evolutionary history and potential function of emotion. Current research focuses on the neuroscience of emotion, examining the brain's affective picture processes with the use of PET and fMRI scans.[8]
The definition of emotions from a mechanistic standpoint is "a positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity."[4] Emotions are complicated and comprise a variety of elements, including instrumental behavior, cognitive functions, expressive behavior, and changes in the psychophysiology.[9][10] Scholars used to try to associate an emotion with one of the components: behaviorists would associate emotion with instrumental behavior, psychophysiologists with physiological changes, William James with subjective experience, and so on. It has been proposed more recently that emotion is the sum of the parts. The various aspects of emotion are classified in varying ways based on the field of study. Emotion is generally understood in psychology and philosophy to be a subjective, conscious experience that is predominantly manifested through biological responses, mental states, and psychophysiological expressions. Comparable multi-component
These days, the majority of studies on emotions in the context of health and therapy concentrate on the dynamics of emotions in daily life, mainly on the strength of particular emotions and their variability, instability, inertia, and differentiation, as well as whether or not emotions amplify or attenuate one another over time and variations in these dynamics among individuals and across the lifespan.[13][14]
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