In its widest definition, artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the intelligence displayed by machines, especially computer systems. This area of computer science study focuses on creating and analyzing tools and software that allow machines to sense their surroundings and use intelligence and learning to make decisions that will increase their chances of accomplishing specific objectives. These devices could be referred to as AIs.
Advanced web search engines (like Google Search), recommendation systems (like those used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix), human speech-based interaction (like Google Assistant, Siri, and Alexa), autonomous vehicles (like Waymo), generative and creative tools (like ChatGPT, Apple Intelligence, and AI art), and superhuman play and analysis in strategy games (like chess and Go) are a few well-known applications of AI. But many uses of AI are not thought of as AI: "A lot of cutting edge AI has filtered into general applications, often without being called AI because once something becomes useful enough and common enough it's not labeled AI anymore."
The first significant researcher in the topic he named "machine intelligence" was Alan Turing. The academic field of artificial intelligence was established in 1956.The field saw several cycles of optimism, which were followed by depressing times and funding losses, dubbed "AI winter. Following 2012, when deep learning outperformed all prior AI techniques, and following 2017 with the transformer architecture, funding and interest skyrocketed.field As a result, there was an AI boom in the early 2020s, with the majority of American businesses, academic institutions, and labs spearheading important advancements in the field.
The increasing application of AI in the twenty-first century is driving a shift in society and economy toward more automation, data-driven decision-making, and the incorporation of AI systems into a wide range of industries and economic sectors, affecting the labor market, healthcare, government, business, education, propaganda, and disinformation. This prompts talks on regulatory laws to assure the safety and advantages of the technology, raising concerns about the hazards, ethical implications, and long-term effects of AI.
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