As you all know that it has been two years since the pandemic of coronavirus has severely affected the world. Scientists worldwide are trying to find a cure, and somehow they have been succeeding because the COVID-19 vaccine has been discovered.
To prevent bacterial infection, antibiotics are used, same for viral infection vaccines are used, and almost all the other viruses vaccines have been discovered because it is the only way to prevent viral infections.
Let us have a glance at the most famous COVID-19 vaccine. How does it work and prevent you from infection?
How does the vaccine work?
Suppose we talk about the structure of the coronavirus vaccine. COVID-19 vaccine only has the RNA of the virus and spike-like glycoprotein on its surface.
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These spike glycoproteins act as a lock, and to open the certainty; it needs a specific key (receptors) present on the surface of the lungs. Lungs have specific receptor cells which act as a key for this glycoprotein. When coronavirus attaches to these receptor cells( key), the lock opens, and the RNA of coronavirus comes out and enters the lungs; this Way, our lungs get the infection.
During vaccination, deadly coronavirus is injected into the body; these dead cells enter the body they activate the immune system. Mostly white blood cells, also called lymphocytes, fight against viruses; therefore, when the deadly coronavirus enters the body, the white blood cells become active. Three types of cells are present in white blood cells T-cell B-cells and Maropages; they participate in this process.
The function of B cell is to make the blocker of the glycoprotein; once these spike glycoproteins are blocked, the virus can't get attached with the key(receptor cells present on the lungs), and the lungs don't get the viral infection.
T-cell kill the virus by blocking the lock, and the macrophages engulf the dead virus. During all this process, memory cells are also formed. They stay in our blood next time in the future; when the actual coronavirus tries to enter the body, these memory cells recognize the virus and stop it from multiplying and spreading.
Vaccination
Suppose we talk about the synthesis of the Coronavirus vaccine. There are different types of vaccines. Coronavirus vaccines are called RNA vaccine.There is also another type of vaccine called vector vaccine. During the synthesis of the vector vaccine, the first RNA is injected into the body of a Microorganism named vector; that's why this vaccine is called vector vaccine. Another type of vaccine is called the protein subunits vaccine. In this vaccine, spike glycoproteins are directly injected into the body.
Coronavirus vaccine is injected through an injection in the upper arm muscle of the body. For Some Coronavirus vaccines, two doses are required, where for some vaccine types, only one amount is enough. It takes 2 to 3 weeks for one dose to act appropriately. After vaccination, some of the symptoms like pain, headache, fever, redness of the skin have been observed. This is safe. This shows that the vaccine is started its function; that's why the body temperature rises.
Referenceshttps://youtu.be/16raECh9Ccc
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