Other Sports, Culture, and Arts
sport of hockey
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In brief
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Hockey is an outdoor game in which two teams of eleven players each compete to knock a small, hard ball into their opponent's goal using sticks that are curled at the striking end. To differentiate it from the same game played on ice, it is known as hockey.
hockey on the pitch
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Subject: Culture & Arts
Alternatively known as: hockey
Constance M.K. Applebee is a key figure. Dhyan Chand Pollard, Marjorie
Relevant Subjects: India Ice hockey at the Olympics Olympic Summer Games umpire
It is thought that hockey has existed since the dawn of humanity. Each of the four ancient civilizations—Arab, Greek, Persian, and Roman—had its own
In the late 1800s, hockey was introduced to English schools. In 1861, the first men's hockey club was established in Blackheath, a neighbourhood in southeast London, and they kept a minute book. A sphere was used as the ball instead of a rubber cube, Teddington, a different London club, instituted a number of significant changes, chief among them the adoption of a striking circle that became part of the regulations of the newly established Hockey Association in London in 1886.
The game was mostly disseminated by the British troops, especially in India and the Far East. In 1895, international competition was underway. India had adopted hockey as its national sport by 1928, and that year at the Olympic Games.
Women's interest in hockey grew during the Victorian era, despite the prohibitions against women participating in sports. Women's teams have been playing friendly matches since 1895, but there was no real international competition until the 1970s. In 1974, the inaugural Women's World Cup took place, and in 1980, women's hockey was added to the Olympic programme. The International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations was established in 1927 as the global regulatory organisation. Hockey gained popularity among women in the United States after being brought to the country by Constance M.K. Applebee in 1901. It was played in clubs, colleges and schools.
Two teams of eleven players each compete in the game on a rectangular field. The field has a length of 100 yards (91.4 metres).
Five forwards, three halfbacks, two fullbacks, and a goalie typically make up a squad. A game is divided into two halves, each lasting 35 minutes, and there is a 5-to 10-minute break in between. A timeout is only triggered in the event of an injury. The custodian is permitted to kick the ball or stop it with their foot or body when in the shooting circle. They wear sturdy yet lightweight pads. However, only the stick may be used by the remaining players to stop the ball.
A pass-back in the middle of the field initiates play, which is also resumed following a goal and halftime. After a simultaneous penalty by both teams, an injury or equipment time-out, a face-off, or bully, is used to resume the game.
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