We all are using computers every day. There are different types of computers available these days. Some of them are not available in stores, or we cant easily operate like our personal computer. Now we will know about the classification of computers which included all the types of computers in the world. This article enlightens your knowledge of computers.
classification of computers
computers are classified according to the following criteria:
1.principle of operations
2.computing power, memory capacity, and cost
principle of operations
The basic principle of any computer consist of a store, a suitable input and output device, and a control mechanism. A computer receives data through an input unit and sends it back through an output system after processing the data. According to this principle of operation, computers are classified into 3.
- Analog computer
- Digital computer
- Hybrid computer
Analog computer
it is a computer that measures continously changing physical quantities such as current, temperature, pressure, etc., and converts them into quantities that can be used as data of computation. As these computers deal with continously varying quantities, they will give only approximate approximate approximate results. Its output is usually displayed on a meter or scale. Analog computer has low memory and fewer functions. these are used for engineering and scientific applications.some famous examples are operational amplifiers,mechanical integrators,slide rules,tide predictors,eclectic integrators,thermometer,speedometer,analog clock.planimeter, nomogram, etc...
Digital computer
A digital computer works with digital data. It uses a binary number system. It consists of only two digits, "0" and "1".a digital computer represents data in digital signals.A "0" represents "off", ans a "1" represents "on". the digital computer performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. It gives output in digital form. Digital computers are high-speed, and they can output strong results. They have large memory also. Today most of the computers used in offices and homes are these digital computers. The digital computers are further divided into the following two groups.
- special-purpose computer
- General-purpose computer
The special-purpose computer
is a computer designed to solve a specific type of problem. These computers are mainly used in ships and aircraft.
General-purpose computers
it is a computer designed to solve various problems; a general-purpose computer can store different programs and process them.
Hybrid computer
A Hybrid computer is a combination of both analog and digital computers. Hybrid computers can both analog and digital data. It combines the best characteristics of both analog and digital computers. It can accept data in both analog and digital forms. These computers are used in hospitals to calculate patients' heart function, temperature, blood pressure, etc. this calculation may be converted into numbers and shown digitally. For example, the vital signs monitoring unit is also called (sm)in short. It has a blood pressure monitor, ECG monitor, respiratory monitor, and t used to monitor anesthesia. These computers are also used in spaceships and missile systems.
computing power, memory capacity, and cost
The computing power, memory capacity, and cost vary in every computer. According to these specifications, the computers are classified into 4.
1.Microcomputer(pc)
2.mni computer
3.mainframe computer
4.super computer
microcomputer
microcomputers are also called personal computers. It was introduced in 1970.examples of microcomputers are pc and apple macintosh. The major types of personal computers are desktop computers and portable computers.desktop computers can easily fit on a table or desktop, hence the name. These computers come in two models or casings. In the desktop model, the system unit is placed on the system unit. In the tower model, both the monitor and system unit is placed on the table. Portable computers can be carried from one place to another like our laptops, tablets.
Minicomputer
Minicomputers are introduced in the 1960s. It is larger and more powerful than a personal computer. It can execute more than 5 million instructions per second. It generally consists of two or more processors. It can serve up to 4000 connected users simultaneously. Some of the mini-computers models are vax-8800,as400.
Mainframe computer
mainframe computers were introduced in 1975.it is a huge computer in size. It is processors. It is designed to perform multiple tasks for multiple users at the same time. The users access mainframe computers through a terminal or personal computer. A typical mainframe computer can execute 16 million instructions per second. Some mainframe computer models are NEC 610 and DEC 10.
Supercomputer
Supercomputers were introduced in the 1980s. It is the fastest computer in the world. It is the biggest n size and the most expensive in price than any other computer. The cost of one supercomputer is 9 crore 70 lakhs. It is the most sophisticated, complex, and advanced computer. It has a huge storage capacity. It can process trillions of instructions per second. It is used for weather forecasting, animated graphics for Hollywood movies, nuclear energy research, space science,petroleum exploration, etc.
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