Today we will tell you about India's major constitutional posts, which are always asked in the exam.
1 Election Commission: -
1 The Election Commission is a permanent and independent body established by India's Constitution to ensure free and fair elections in the country.
2 The Election Commission is mentioned in Article 324 of Part XV of the Constitution.
3 The Election Commission body currently has three members - the Chief Election Commissioner and two other Election Commissioners appointed by the President.
4 They hold office for six years, or the retirement age is 65 years, whichever comes first.
5 The Chief Election Commissioner, the Supreme Court, can be removed from his post, similar to removing a Kenyan judge, which requires a resolution passed by a two-thirds majority on the grounds of proved misconduct or incapacity in both the Lok Sabha and the state.
The President of India may remove 6 Other Election Commissioners on the Chief Election Commissioner's recommendation.
7 The Election Commission directs and controls the President, Vice President, Parliament, State Assemblies, and Union Territories.
2 Finance Commission: -
1 The Finance Commission is an autonomous body governed by the Government of India.
2 Article 280 of the Constitution of India provides for a Finance Commission. It is constituted by the President of India every fifth year or the first time he deems necessary.
3 Structure: -
The Finance Commission consists of a Chairman and four other members who are appointed by the President.
4 Functions: -
The distribution of net income of taxes between the Center and States is divided according to their respective contribution to taxes.
5 The first Finance Commission was headed by Kshtish Chandra Niyogi (1952–57). The Chairman of the Fourteenth Finance Commission was Professor YV Reddy (2015-20).
6 The fifteenth Finance Commission is headed by Nand Kishore Singh (2020-25).
3 Comptroller and Auditor General: -
1 The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India is an independent and constitutional body of the Constitution.
2 The CAG is mentioned in the Constitution of India under Articles 148 - 151. He is said to be the first accounting officer of India.
3 He is the custodian of the public purse and controls the country's entire financial system at both the central and state levels.
4 That is why Dr. BR Ambedkar said that the CAG would be the most important officer under the Constitution of India.
5 Appointment: -
The President of India appoints the Comptroller and Auditor General of India after the prime minister's recommendation.
6 Office term: -
up to the age of 6 years or 65 years (whichever is earlier). The CAG will not be eligible for any Government of India office after retirement.
7 Removal: -
They can be removed by the President either based on proven misconduct or incompetence. The manner of removal is similar to that of a judge of the Supreme Court.
8 Functions: -
He accounts for accounting accounts related to all expenditures from India's accumulated fund, the accumulated fund of India, and the accumulated fund of each state, which is the account of the state.
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