Scientists determined whether a planet is habitable based on several factors, such as its size, the degree of rock formation, and the distnce between the planet and the star. In general, closer the planet is to the star's habitable area and the higher the rock state, the more likely it is to have liquid water and life. it's worth mentioning that of kepler's newly discovered 1,284 exosolar planet, several have been determined to be habitable.
Kepler-186f was discovered in 2014 and was the first planet to be confirmed to be the size of the Earth and located in a habitable area within the star system. This planet is only 10% larger than Earth, and there are signs that it is also rocky. It is about 500 light - years away from the solar system and its surrounding stars are coller and redder than the sun.
Glizer 667Cc is a planet orbiting a red drawf, about 24 light years from Earth. Glitzer 667Cc, discovered in 2011, is also a rockey landscape and a habitable are located within the stellar system. Scientists speculate that Glizer 667Cc is about four times as massive as Earth's, but cannot determine how large it is.
Kepler-452b is another "closest to Earth" exoplanet, which is abouth 1,400 light-years away from Earth. its parent star is "older" 1.5 billion years than the sun and is as hot as the sun. in 2015, astronomers discovered Kepler-452b and confirmed that the planet has been in the habitable zone of the parent star for the past 6 billion years, hwhich means that there is a high possibility of life.
Kepler-62 is about 1200 light years away from the earth and is slightly cooler than the Sun. To date, scientists and astronomers have found five planets around the star, tw of which are potentially habitable planets. The two planets, Kepler-62e and Kepler-62f, respectively, were discovered in 2013 and are larger than the Earth and are located in the habitable area of the parent ster.
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