Trace metal contamination in Sundarbans mangrove forest
An introduction is a mandatory part of research articles. An introduction is a screen to display the problems you are intended to solve, describes the importance of your research, familiarise the works that other researchers have done before, and find the gap in the research. Finally, it is finished with the aim of your research. The following five steps will help you to write a better introduction. Each step forms each paragraph of the introduction. Let’s start writing an effective introduction to your research article.
1. State the problem
This is the first paragraph and you need to answer “What is the problem?” Certainly, it is not your personal problem! You should state the topic or the problem on which you are going to do research. Write two or three sentences about the problem that you are going to solve. For example, heavy metal contamination in drinking water in Bangladesh is a serious problem for public health.
2. Write the importance of your study
In this step, you need to answer “Why is it interesting and important?” You need to describe the importance of studying or doing research on such a problem. For example, heavy metals in drinking water cause several types of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks to the population. Arsenic in drinking water was reported to cause cancer in adults and children. Chronic exposure of As causes hepatocellular carcinoma, melanosis, hyperkeratosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancers, cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, and parenchymal cell damage.
3. Describe the hardness of the problem
In this paragraph answer “Why is it hard to solve the problem?” Why did previous or early studies fail to solve the problem?
4. Literature review to find the drawbacks
Here you need to answer “Why hasn't it been solved before? or, what's wrong with previously proposed solutions? How does my study differ?” You need to find the research gap by answering these questions. It will help you to improve your research. For example, previous studies reported results for very few samples, the methodology was not well developed, the data was not compared and showed well, etc. For example, Recent studies have shown that the tropical ocean (like the SCS) plays a crucial role in global climate change (Wang et al., 2001a). To date, the changes in the environment and the variations in EAMs in this region since MIS 2 have been recognized in several paleoclimatic proxies (Liu et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2014; Wei et al., 2007; Yu et al., 2000). Deep-sea pollen records in the SCS have been studied to depict the vegetation evolution on land and on emerged continental shelves during a glaciation (Sun et al., 2000; Sun and Luo, 2001; Wang et al., 2009).
5. Describe your approaches to solve the problems
This is the last paragraph of your introduction, where you need to answer “Why your study is better than others? How did you prove that your one is the better one?”
In the introduction, you have to put in-text references. In another article, I'll discuss citation and referencing. Stay tuned. Read more, learn more. You may also read7 steps-to-read-scientific-articles
You may also read 7 steps-to-read-scientific-articles
References
1. Widom, J., 2005. Tips for Writing Technical Papers. accessible at: https://cs.stanford.edu/people/widom/paper-writing.html#intro accessed on 8th June 2019.
2. Cals, J.W., and Kotz, D., 2013. Effective writing and publishing scientific papers, part III: introduction. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 66(7), p.702.
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