Why do we need to control fertility?

Many people around the world are illiterate and do not know about fertility control. Nowadays, expenses are increasing, and in this baby planning is necessary. Therefore, you need some tips to prevent pregnancy. Here are some methods by which you prevent unnecessary pregnancy.

 

 

Physical barriers

The physical barriers are:

Condom

Condom is one of the best barriers used for preventing pregnancy. Condoms are available for both males and females. A male condom is the most commonly used barrier by men. A male condom is made up of latex or plastic, and it is thin leak-proof. It is fitted over the penis just before sex. It prevents the entry of semen into the female genital tract. A female condom is also called an internal condom. It is a soft pouch made up of polyurethane. It is kept inside the vagina before intercourse, and it stops sperm from meeting the ovum.

 

 

Cervical cap

It is a barrier device used in females. It is a small and bowl-shaped cup made from latex or silicone. It is inserted into the vagina. It tightly fits over the cervix. The cervical cap can also be used with spermicidal gel or cream.

Diaphragm

It is a flexible cup. It is an external device made up of soft silicon. It is inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. It must be used with a spermicidal agent.

Vaginal sponge

It is a barrier sponge that prevents the entry of sperms into the uterus. After insertion into the vagina, it covers the cervix tightly. The vaginal sponge is a small disk-shaped sponge made up of soft polyurethane foam.

 

 

Chemical barriers

Chemical barriers are the substances that destroy sperms. These are applied in the female genital tract before sex. This kind of barrier does spermicidal action. Spermicidal implications are available in the form of cream, paste, jelly, and form tablets. These are inserted into the vagina deep up to the cervix. An example of this kind of barrier is nonoxynol-9. These are not so much popular because of so many disadvantages.

 

 

Rhythm method

The rhythm method is based on the time when the ovum is released from the ovary. This period when the ovum is released is called a fertile period. Generally, the ovum is released on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. So preventing sex during the fertile period can prevent pregnancy. A safe period of sex is after 5 to 6 days after menstrual bleeding and 5 to 6 days before the onset of the next menstrual cycle.

 

 

Intrauterine contraceptive device

It is a kind of device which is inserted into the vagina by a professional physician. It prevents the meeting of sperm and ovum and the implantation of the ovum. These are small devices made up of metal, polyurethane, or other polymers.

The non-medicated intrauterine contraceptive device is made up of plastic. The most common was the lippes loop which is 'S' shaped. It is called the first generation of IUCD.

Copper IUCD is made up of plastic, and copper is also added to it. An example of copper IUCDs is Copper T which has become more popular. It is called the second generation of IUCD.

Hormone-releasing IUCD releases hormone slowly into the uterus after sex. An example of this is progestagen. It is the third generation of IUCD.

 

 

Oral contraceptives

These are the drugs. They are taken through the mouth, which is called pills. These pills contain estrogen and progesterone, which is synthetic.

These are of four types:

1)Postcoital pills

2)Sequential pills

3)Minipills

4)Classical pills

Thank you for reading my article.