Nepal has established a good network of protected areas including 12 National Parks, 1 Wildlife Reserve, 1 Hunting Reserve, Con Conservation Area and 13 buffer zones, covering 2% of the total area of the country. Contribute to the conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity across the country. The conservation efforts made by the Government of Nepal are popular worldwide and highly recognized by the international community.
1.Chitwan National Park
Spread over some parts of Chitwan, Makwanpur, Parsa and Nawalparasi districts province of 2, 3 and 4, this national park is the first national park in Nepal. Its area is 952.63 sq. Km. Has been The park covers the main areas of Chure Hills, Rapti, Narayani and Ryu rivers. About 70 percent of the park's forest area is covered by sal forests. In 2000, the national park was able to conserve more than 544 unicorns. But, in the country The number of rhinos fell to 372 in 2005 due to increased poaching after some changes in security policy due to political conflict. Due to the tireless efforts of conservation, the number of rhinos has increased from 503 in 2011 to 605 in 2015.
The park is home to more than 60 species of mammals, including rhinos, tigers, hyenas, gaurigai, wood bears, leopards, rhinoceroses, chitals, laguna, jarayo, chausinge, monkeys and langurs. According to the 2018 Tiger Census, there are 93 adult tigers in the park. Similarly, crocodiles, alligators, crocodiles, dragons, reptiles and amphibians, migrated and native. The Park is home to more than 60 species of mammals, including rhinos, tigers, hyenas, gaurigai, wood bears, leopards, rhinoceroses, chitals, laguna, jarayo, chausinge, monkeys and langurs. According to the 2018 Tiger Census, there are 93 adult tigers in the park. Similarly, crocodiles, alligators, crocodiles, dragons, reptiles and amphibians, migrated and native.
2.Bardiya National Park
Initially established as Karnali Wildlife Sanctuary, the park later became Bardiya Wildlife Sanctuary and was declared as Bardiya National Park on December 7, 2008. Covering parts of Karnali and Babai rivers in Bardia district, this park is one of the national parks of Is the largest. The central area of the park is B.S. It was announced in 2053. The intermediate zone, which was initially announced to cover an area of 327 square kilometers, has been expanded to Sakhurte by adding 180 square kilometers in 2010.
There are some pine forests in the upper part of the Chure under the park and most of the Terai in the Sal forest There is a grass field in the middle of it. The park is home to 56 species of mammals, including the Pate tiger, the one-horned rhinoceros, the leopard, the horse, the rhinoceros, the chital, the laguna, the rhinoceros and the wild elephant. Aquatic crocodiles, crocodiles, swans and a variety of fish are found here.
So far, 438 native and migratory birds have been recorded in the park. There is a lot of potential for eco-tourism in this park and the number of tourists is increasing every year.
3.Khaptad National Park
Located at the confluence of Bajhang, Bajura, Doti and Achham districts, this national park represents the mid-hill environment, flora and fauna. The Park has pine, khasur and nigalake forests as well as grasslands suitable for wildlife. Among the wildlife found here are red deer, musk deer, squirrel, leopard, wild dog, wild cat, red monkey, langur monkey as well as beautiful birds like scarecrow and munal.
This national park is also very important from a religious point of view. Places like Triveni, Khaptad Daha, Sahasralinga etc. are considered as holy places of pilgrimage for Hindus. In these places, thousands of pilgrims gather here for religious festivals like Ganga Dussehra and Janakpuri. Khaptad Daha-Triveni It is proposed to include the area in the Ramsar list. This area, which has a lot of potential for eco-tourism, has lagged behind due to lack of publicity and other physical services. Due to the low income of the park, it is becoming difficult to run the programs in the intermediate zone.
4. Rara National Park
Most of this national park falls in Mugu and some in Jumla district. The main attraction of the park is the Rara Lake, which is surrounded by green forests in the beautiful Himalayan foothills. The area of this lake is 10.65 sq. Km. Is The lake is about 5 km long and 3 km wide. And the depth is 167 meters. Rara Lake, the largest lake in Nepal, was listed in the Ramsar List in 2007, indicating its international significance.
To the south of the lake are the peaks of Chuchemara Takura (4087 m), to the north are Rum Kandh (6731 m) and Malika Kandh (3444 m). They have deepened the scenic beauty of Rara National Park. Like other Himalayan National Parks of Nepal, there are 51 species of mammals including Himalayan Black Bear, Thar, Habre, Ghoral, Ratuwa, Musk Deer, Bundel etc. The park is home to 272 species of birds, including scarecrows and monals. Rara Lake and the surrounding angular forest area under the park has become a suitable habitat for various local and migratory birds.
Three out of seven species of native Asala fish are found here. Although there is maximum potential for eco-tourism, due to the geographical remoteness and lack of transportation, proper development of tourism is yet to take place here. As tourism is the main source of income of the intermediate zone, the income of the intermediate zone is also low.
5.Langtang National Park
The national park extends to parts of Rasuwa, Nuwakot and Sindhupalchok districts, reaching the border with allied China in the north. Mountains such as Langtang Lirung (7,243 m) and Himalchuli (7,864 m) add to its natural beauty. The rivers flowing from this park flow towards Trishuli West and Sunkoshi East. Forests of Khate Salla, Gabre Salla, Guras etc. are found here.
The only autumn pine (Langtang pine) found in the angular forest is a special property of this park. To make the park beautiful and attractive, wild animals like leopard, habre (red panda), musk deer, mountain bear, thar, squirrel, red monkey and langur have become ornaments. Within the park are the Tibetan "Bon Po" monasteries and cultural sites, while the holy site of Gosainkunda has become a center for Hindus.
Gosainkund and the surrounding lakes were listed as wetlands of international importance in 2007. Govt. By declaring an intermediate zone in 2055 BS, it has supported the socio-economic development of the local people. Although close to the capital and connected by road, this remote national park is very popular with hikers. The development of eco-tourism has directly supported the livelihood of the locals
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