The Vedic Age (1500-600 B.C)
THE EARLY VEDIC PERIOD (1500-1000 B.C )
- It is also known as Rig vedic age.
- The Earliest Aryans lived in land of sapta sindhava i.e., Land of seven rivers.
- The early vedic society was pastrol.
- Cattle was the chief measure of wealth and wealthy man was called " Gomat".
- The raja or chief is called "Gopati".
- In the Rigveda Godhuli is used as a term for a measure of time.
- Apart from yava or Barley, no other grain is mentioned.
- Indra was the greatest God of aryans Agni occupied the second position .
- Varuna occupied the third position and he personified water.
- The Battle of Ten kings ended with the victory of the Bharatas led by sudas .
- Gayatri mantra is attributed to savitri, aditi was goddess of eternity.
- Important fucntionaries were purohita, Senani, and gramini.
-Important Tribal assemblies were sabha , samiti , vidhata, and gana.
- sabha performed juducial and administrative functions.
- king attended sabha but was not elected by it.
- samiti is mentioned nine times in Rig veda .
- samiti was presided over by king .
- king was elected in samiti.
- "Gana" is mentioned for 46 places in rigveda.
- Leader of Gana was called as "Ganapati".
- Dasyus were the most bitter enemies of the Rigvedic people.
- Rigvedic people were not aware of iron.
- Indra was the most important God.
- indra was know as purandar, vritrahan and Marutavant.
- Varuna uphold the natural order and moral order (Rita)
- Varuna was punisher of sin.
- Agni was called as Bhuvan chakshu.
- 9th book is devoted to soma.
- Gayatri Mantra is addressedto savitri.
-Gayatri Mantra is mentioned in 3rd mandala of Rigveda .
- Asvins and Nasatyas Were divine physicians.
- yama was the lord of the dead .
- Aditi is the mother of surya.
- Varuna bears the title "Asura".
- The period assigned to later vedic is 1000 B.C.
- These communities used a particular kind of pottery called the painted grey ware (PGW).
- More than 700 PGW sites have been found in the upper Ganga basin. Some important PGW sites are Artanji khera. Ahichhatra , Noh , Hastinapur, Kurukshetra, Bhagwanpura and Jakhera.
- Iron objects are common to most PGW sites. This metal was introduced around 1000- 8000 B.C. It is mentioned as Asyas.
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