Blood
Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals. Blood plays a role in the transformation process. That delivers necessary substances like nutrients and oxygen to the cell and transport waste products away from the battery.
Blood cell formation
Blood cell formation is also known as hematopoietic or hemopoiesis. Blood cells are divided into main three groups,
One red blood cells(erythrocytes)
Two white blood cells(leukocytes)
Three blood platelets( thrombocytes)
White blood cells are further dividing into granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes.
In human adults, blood cell formation is occurred by the bone marrow. Bone Marrow produces all the red blood cells, 60-70 % of white blood cells, and all the platelets. 20-30% of white blood cells are produced by lymphatic tissue, particularly thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes.
In the human body, the first site of blood formation is the yolk sac. After the early life, the yolk sac is replaced by the liver. In the adult human-only source of red blood cells and granulocytes in the bone marrow. The formation of all blood cells through the sequential process from stem cells. A stem cell can form any precursor of the blood cell. All the blood cells have their precursor cell, which occurs the production of various cells like red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, monocytes, etc.
In the average human body production of half-liter red blood cells every week by the bone marrow. Almost 1% of body cells produced each day. The production and removal of aging cells maintain by the regulation cycle. In the healthy human body per day production of the cells, 200 billion red blood cells, 10 billion white blood cells, 400 billion platelets.
Importance of blood in the human body
The blood is transport through arteries and veins, formed a vast network. It transports oxygen and other essential components throughout the body.
1. Connective tissue
The blood is only fluid tissue of the body. Blood is considered a connective tissue because of its large network system and components.
2. Provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
The blood absorbs air from the lungs and transports oxygen to all the cells of the body. Carbon Dioxide moves from the blood to air, which is exhaled by the air from the nose.
3. Transportation of nutrients and hormone
Blood plays a vital role in digestion and functions of the endocrine system. The digested nutrients are absorbed by the blood like glucose, amino acids, vitamins, fatty acids. Blood cells also transport hormones secreted by the endocrine system gland to target tissue and organs.
4. Regulate body temperature
blood absorbs heat throughout the body. In the immune response, blood cells conserve warmth.
5. Blood clotting at a site of injury
The blood contains thrombocytes, also known as platelets. The function of thrombocytes is a clump and form a plugin in the damaged area.
6. Purification of kidneys and liver
Blood transports the waste substance from organs and processes them for elimination. The blood flows into the kidney through renal arteries and out through renal veins. The blood filters out the uric acid, creatinine, etc. out of the blood plasma into ureters. Blood also removes toxins from the liver.
7. Protect from pathogens
White blood cells also are known as leukocytes. They are fighting against the disease. The number of leukocytes just 1%, but in the specific conditions, they are multiply.
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