HOW TO LEARN WASTE MANAGEMENT?

What is waste management?

"Wealth from waste "is a modern slogan, the truth of which is realized to some extent India also. But, the importance of waste management as technical work and administrative specialization has not received due attention with the result that every town and city is facing a tremendous problem of collection and disposal of waste. Waste management is a task that requires the cooperation of political and administrative sectors,technicians, and the general public including the managers of all kinds of organization and industries .waste creators -big and small -have a responsibility in its collection and disposal.

History of waste management:-

Waste management as a public issue emerged in the late 19th century as part of health and hygiene. (Municipal reform movements and sanitary reforms gave rise to the concept of solid waste management ).politics, economics, culture have all played a role in the history of waste, and tremendous growth in the quantum and character of waste has given rise to different techniques of waste management.

                Befoe the 1890s, waste was treated mostly as an excess object to be saved for future use. This idea began to change as cities became centers for new industries and jobs giving rise to new kinds of wastes. Tremendous increases in urban population due to migration from rural to urban areas in search of employment.

Different types of wastes:-

Normal Domestic waste 

Hazardous waste 

reusable waste 

Nonreusable waste

Degradable

Nom-Degradable

HAZARDOUS WASTE:-

                                                  Hazardous Waste is defined as any waste or combination of wastes which pose a present or potential hazard to human health or living organism. Such wastes are lethal,non-degradable, biologically magnified, consist of several categories toxic chemical, flammable, ratio active, explosive and so. They may be in liquid, solid, or gas forms.

Faith and commitment are needed to handle waste management as an art that will enrich human life.

Waste Hierarchy:- 

                                         Waste Hierarchy is a concept evolved in Britain and European countries to make waste management more sustainable. The order in the hierarchy comprises are:

Avoid creating waste

If waste is unavoidable, try to recycle

If the waste cannot be recycled, try an energy recovery

When these options are exhausted, dispose of wastes as best suited to the environment.

This hierarchical system has been put into practice differently like waste reduction, recycling, composition, incineration, and landfills. All these practices have been introduced in India also. But, recently, with the enormous increase in forms of waste from new technologies and lack of attention towards waste disposal methods and the dangers in recycling industries, the seriousness of the issue of wastes has been released.

                                                                                           Dumping of hazardous wastes is not just a local problem but goes on at various levels up to international relations. A study reports that this has become a global concern when 4,000 barrels of wastes containing toxic substances were dumped on the coast of Nigeria from a European country. Affluent countries have been indiscriminately using the land and water of developing countries for dumping their waste with and without the knowledge of the recipients. Nuclear states have a continuous program of producing atomic arms and send the hazardous to other countries or dump them underground or underwater. A huge amount of radioactive particles are contaminating the air and water all over the world as a result of nuclear programs of a few nuclear powers.

                                  Chaotic growth of cities, unmanageable expansion of small trades and workshops, and an increase in population disproportionate to the infrastructure of the city and available civic amenities point to the need for a holistic approach to the problem which is intensely connected with political , economical, social and structural factors. There are a lot more topics to be covered in waste management. This is not just a question of public awareness. What is required is a total change of lifestyle beginning with domestic life and GOING UP TO THE BUILDING OF THE NATION.